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Pekka Leviäkangas, Yanbing YE, Oluwole Alfred OLATUNJI
《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第3期 页码 347-356 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018020
The funding gap of public infrastructure networks (roads, railways, ports, electricity, and energy lines) can be solved partly by introducing private capital for investments, i.e., public-private partnerships (PPP). This paper introduces an integrated model of a PPP project and investigates its implications on PPP policies and strategies regarding appropriate project appraisal and selection. The model has different resolution levels, namely, project level, business ecosystem level, and market and societal levels. The integrated model suggests that investing in merely financially viable projects is insufficient to realize economically and socially sustainable and acceptable projects.
关键词： public-private partnerships (PPP) project appraisal and selection integrated model socially sustainable
Equipment–process–strategy integration for sustainable machining: a review
《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第18卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-023-0752-4
关键词： sustainable machining equipment process strategy manufacturing
Concept and requirements of sustainable development in bridge engineering
Yaojun GE, Haifan XIANG
《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第4期 页码 432-450 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0126-6
关键词： sustainable engineering safe reliability structural durability functional adaptability capacity extensibility
CROP DIVERSITY AND SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE: MECHANISMS, DESIGNS AND APPLICATIONS
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第3期 页码 359-361 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE -2021417
Intensive monoculture agriculture has contributed greatly to global food supply over many decades, but the excessive use of agricultural chemicals (fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides) and intensive cultivation systems has resulted in negative side effects, such as soil erosion, soil degradation, and non-point source pollution[1]. To many observers, agriculture looms as a major global threat to nature conservation and biodiversity. As noted in the Global Biodiversity Outlook 4[2], the drivers associated with food systems and agriculture account for around 70% and 50% of the projected losses by 2050 of terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity, respectively[3].
In addition, agricultural development and modernization of agriculture has led to a decline in the total number of plant species upon which humans depend for food[4]. Currently, fewer than 200 of some 6000 plant species grown for food contribute substantially to global food output, and only nine species account for 67% of total crop production[3]. The global crop diversity has declined in past decades.
Crop species diversity at a national scale was identified as one of the most important factors that stabilize grain production at a national level[5]. A group of long-term field experiments demonstrated that crop diversity also stabilizes temporal grain productivity at field level[6]. Therefore, maintaining crop diversity at both national and field levels is of considerable importance for food security at national and global scales.
Crop diversity includes temporal (crop rotation) and spatial diversity (e.g., intercropping, agroforestry, cultivar mixtures and cover crops) at field scale. Compared to intensive monocultures, diversified cropping systems provide additional options to support multiple ecosystem functions. For instance, crop diversity may increase above- and belowground biodiversity, improve yield stability, reduce pest and disease damage, reduce uses of chemicals, increase the efficiency of the use land, light water and nutrient resources, and enhance stress resilience in agricultural systems.
To highlight advances in research and use of crop diversity, from developing and developed countries, we have prepared this special issue on “Crop Diversity and Sustainable Agriculture” for Frontiers of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, mainly focusing on intercropping.
Intercropping, growing at least two crops at the same time as a mixture, for example, in alternate rows or strips, is one effective pathway for increasing crop diversity at the field scale. Over recent decades, there have been substantial advances in terms of understanding of processes between intercropped species and applications in practice. There are 10 articles in this special issue including letters, opinions, review and research articles with contributions from Belgium, China, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Switzerlands, UK, and Mexico etc.
The contributors are internationally-active scientists and agronomists contributing to intercropping research and extension. For example, Antoine Messean is coordinator of the EU H2020 Research project DiverIMPACTS “Diversification through rotation, intercropping, multiple cropping, promoted with actors and value chains towards sustainability”. Eric Justes is coordinator of the EU H2020 Research project ReMIX “Redesigning European cropping systems based on species mixtures”. Maria Finckh has worked on crop cultivar mixture and organic agriculture over many years. Henrik Hauggaard-Nielsen has outstanding expertise in intercropping research and applications, moving from detailed studies on species interactions in intercropping to working with farmers and other stakeholders to make intercropping work in practical farming. In addition to these established scientists, young scientists who have taken an interest in intercropping also contribute to the special issue, including Wen-Feng Cong, Yixiang Liu, Qi Wang, Hao Yang and others.
The first contribution to this special issue addresses how to design cropping systems to reach crop diversification, with Wen-Feng Cong and coworkers ( https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021392) considering that it is necessary to optimize existing and/or design novel cropping systems based on farming practices and ecological principles, and to strengthen targeted ecosystem services to achieve identified objectives. In addition, the design should consider regional characteristics with the concurrent objectives of safe, nutritious food production and environmental protection.
The benefits of crop diversification have been demonstrated in many studies. Wen-Feng Cong and coworkers describe the benefits of crop diversification at three scales: field, farm, and landscape. Hao Yang and coauthors reviewed the multiple functions of intercropping. Intercropping enhances crop productivity and its stability, it promotes efficient use of resources and saves mineral fertilizer, controls pests and diseases of crops and reduces the use of pesticides. It mitigates climate change by sequestering carbon in soil, reduces non-point source pollution, and increases above- and belowground biodiversity of other taxa at field scale ( https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021398).
Eric Justes and coworkers proposed the “4C” framework to help understand the role of species interactions in intercropping ( https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021414). The four components are competition, complementary, cooperation (facilitation) and compensation, which work often simultaneously in intercropping. Hao Yang and coworkers used the concept of diversity effect from ecology to understand the contribution of complementarity and selection effects to enhanced productivity in intercropping. The complementarity effect consists of interspecific facilitation and niche differentiation between crop species, whereas the selection effect is mainly derived from competitive processes between species such that one species dominates the other ( https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021398). Also, Luis Garcia-Barrios and Yanus A. Dechnik-Vazquez dissected the ecological concept of the complementarity and selection effects to develop a relative multicrop resistance index to analyze the relation between higher multicrop yield and land use efficiency and the different ecological causes of overyielding under two contrasting water stress regimes ( https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021412).
Odette Denise Weedon and Maria Renate Finckh found that composite cross populations, with different disease susceptibilities of three winter wheat cultivars, were moderately resistant to brown rust and even to the newly emerged stripe rust races prevalent in Europe since 2011, but performance varied between standard and organic management contexts ( https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021394).
Comparing the performance of intercrops and sole crops is critical to make a sound evaluation of the benefits of intercropping and assess interactions between species choice, intercrop design, intercrop management and factors related to the production situation and pedoclimatic context. Wopke van der Werf and coworkers review some of the metrics that could be used in the quantitative synthesis of literature data on intercropping ( https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021413).
Interspecific interactions provide some of the advantages of intercropping, and can be divided into above- and belowground interactions. Aboveground interactions can include light and space competition, which is influenced by crop species traits. Root exudates are also important in interspecific interactions between intercropped or rotated species. Qi Wang and coworkers estimated the light interception of growth stage of maize-peanut intercropping and corresponding monocultures, and found that intercropping has higher light interception than monoculture, and increasing plant density did not further increase light interception of intercropping ( https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021403). Yuxin Yang and coworkers reported that the root exudates of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) can reduce infection of tobacco by Phytophthora nicotianae via inhibiting the motility and germination of the spores of the pathogen ( https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021399).
Focusing on the application of intercropping, Wen-Feng Cong and coworkers formulated species recommendations for different regions of China for different crop diversity patterns and crop species combinations. These authors also suggested three steps for implementing crop diversification on the North China Plain. Although there are multiple benefits of crop diversification, its extension and application are hindered by various technical, organizational, and institutional barriers along value chains, especially in Europe. Based on the findings of the European Crop Diversification Cluster projects, Antoine Messéan and coworkers suggested that there needs to be more coordination and cooperation between agrifood system stakeholders, and establish multiactor networks, toward an agroecological transition of European agriculture ( https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021406). In addition, Henrik Hauggaard-Nielsen and coworkers report the outcomes of a workshop for participatory research to overcome the barriers to enhanced coordination and networking between stakeholders ( https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021416).
Intercropping, though highly effective in labor-intensive agriculture, may be difficult to implement in machine-intensive, large-scale modern agriculture because appropriate large equipment is not commercially available for planting and harvesting various crop mixtures grown with strip intercropping[6]. Thus, the appropriate machinery will need to be developed for further practical application in large-scale agriculture.
As the guest editors, we thank all the authors and reviewers for their great contributions to this special issue on “Crop Diversity and Sustainable Agriculture”. We also thank the FASE editorial team for their kind supports.
Towards the sustainable intensification of agriculture—a systems approach to policy formulation
Leslie G. FIRBANK
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第1期 页码 81-89 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019291
The sustainable intensification of agriculture involves providing sufficient food and other ecosystem services without going beyond the limits of the earth’s system. Here a project management approach is suggested to help guide agricultural policy to deliver these objectives. The first step is to agree measurable outcomes, integrating formal policy goals with the often much less formal and much more diverse goals of individual farmers. The second step is to assess current performance. Ideally, this will involve the use of farm-scale metrics that can feed into process models that address social and environmental domains as well as production issues that can be benchmarked and upscaled to landscape and country. Some policy goals can be delivered by supporting ad hoc interventions, while others require the redesign of the farming system. A pipeline of research, knowledge and capacity building is needed to ensure the continuous increase in farm performance. System models can help prioritise policy interventions. Formal optimization of land use is only appropriate if the policy goals are clear, and the constraints understood. In practice, the best approach may depend on the scale of action that is required, and on the amount of resource and infrastructure available to generate, implement and manage policy.
关键词： agricultural policy ecosystem services indicators of sustainable intensification knowledge exchange land use optimization
INTERCROPPING: FEED MORE PEOPLE AND BUILD MORE SUSTAINABLE AGROECOSYSTEMS
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第3期 页码 373-386 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE -2021398
Intercropping is a traditional farming system that increases crop diversity to strengthen agroecosystem functions while decreasing chemical inputs and minimizing negative environmental effects of crop production. Intercropping is currently considerable interest because of its importance in sustainable agriculture. Here, we synthesize the factors that make intercropping a sustainable means of food production by integrating biodiversity of natural ecosystems and crop diversity. In addition to well-known yield increases, intercropping can also increase yield stability over the long term and increase systemic resistance to plant diseases, pests and other unfavorable factors (e.g. nutrient deficiencies). The efficient use of resources can save mineral fertilizer inputs, reduce environmental pollution risks and greenhouse gas emissions caused by agriculture, thus mitigating global climate change. Intercropping potentially increases above- and below-ground biodiversity of various taxa at field scale, consequently it enhances ecosystem services. Complementarity and selection effects allow a better understanding the mechanisms behind enhanced ecosystem functioning. The development of mechanization is essential for large-scale application of intercropping. Agroecosystem multifunctionality and soil health should be priority topics in future research on intercropping.
关键词： agroecosystems ， crop diversity ，intercropping，interspecific interactions，sustainable agriculture
WHEAT STRIPE RUST AND INTEGRATION OF SUSTAINABLE CONTROL STRATEGIES IN CHINA
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第1期 页码 37-51 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021405
Stripe (yellow) rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici occurs in almost all wheat-producing regions of the world. Severe countrywide epidemics in China have caused substantial yield losses. Growing resistant cultivars is the best strategy to control this disease but the pathogen can overcome resistance in wheat cultivars. The high variation in the virulence of the pathogen combined with the large areas of susceptible wheat cultivars enables the pathogen population to increase rapidly and disperse over long distances under favorable environmental conditions, resulting in severe pandemics within cropping seasons. Current stripe rust control measures are based on many years of research including the underlying epidemiology regarding year-to-year survival of the pathogen, pathways of pathogen dispersal within seasons and years, the role of P. striiformis sexual hybridization, the use of resistance sources in breeding programs, and year-round surveillance of national wheat crops that are present in different parts of the country throughout the year. All these strategies depend on accurate prediction of epidemics, more precise use of fungicides to meet national requirements and better deployment of resistance genes. New ideas with potential application in sustainable protection of stripe rust include negative regulatory gene editing, resistance gene overexpression and biological control based on microbiomes.
关键词： sustainable disease control / integrated control Puccinia striiformis / Triticum aestivum
Imprinted membranes for sustainable separation processes
Laura Donato, Enrico Drioli
《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第4期 页码 775-792 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1991-0
关键词： sustainable processes membrane separation molecular recognition imprinted membranes water treatment
Nudging sustainable consumption of residential energy use: A behavioral economics perspective
《工程管理前沿（英文）》 页码 540-545 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0264-2
Special Topic on environment and sustainable development
《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期 页码 291-292 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1667-6
SUSTAINABLE NITROGEN MANAGEMENT INDEX: DEFINITION, GLOBAL ASSESSMENT AND POTENTIAL IMPROVEMENTS
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第3期 页码 356-365 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022458
● A composite N management index is proposed to measure agriculture sustainability.
关键词： global assessment indicator nitrogen management sustainable agriculture sustainable development goals
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第1期 页码 73-82 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023489
● Shifting from the existing dietary patterns to the alternative recommended dietary pattern could enhance the sustainable development of environment and human health.
关键词： CHNS data cluster analysis dietary patterns sustainable development
Big Data to support sustainable urban energy planning: The EvoEnergy project
Moulay Larbi CHALAL, Benachir MEDJDOUB, Nacer BEZAI, Raid SHRAHILY
《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第2期 页码 287-300 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0081-9
关键词： urban energy planning sustainable planning Big Data household transition energy prediction
A perspective of “Nuclear Hot Spring” for long-term sustainable economy of the world
Yingzhong LU
《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第4期 页码 349-357 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0168-4
关键词： natural safety reactor full power natural circulation sustainable world economy
HIGHLIGHTS OF THE SPECIAL ISSUE ON “HORTICULTURE RESEARCH FOR GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT” EDITORIAL
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第2期 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021396
Horticulture is the science and technology of intensively cultivating plants for food, comfort and beautification purposes. Horticulture comprises a wide range of plants and crops including fruit and nut trees, vegetables, edible fungi, and ornamental plants, as well as tea plants also categorized as horticultural crops in some countries including China. Horticultural products are of great value and serve as important dietary sources of antioxidants, vitamins and mineral nutrients for human nutrition and health. Development of a green and sustainable horticulture, producing more and safer fruit and vegetables, is a prerequisite for meeting the ever-increasing demand of the growing human population.
In contrast to other field crops or model plants, horticulture comprises a diverse group of plants ranging from annual to perennial crops that are primarily grown for fresh consumption, which means their cultivation and breeding methods are quite different from other plants, in particular, in somatic variation or bud-sport, grafting propagation, flowering regulation, organogenetic development and postharvest storage systems. Horticultural research mainly focuses on breeding, cultivation and postharvest production related biological questions, to generate knowledge beneficial for cultivar improvement for better quality and year-round supply, to understand biological basis and regulation of quality formation and maintenance. However, owing to the long juvenile period, polyembryony (such as in citrus), large canopy of perennial horticultural plants, especially for fruit crops, basic and applied research has progressed slowly over the years.
Recently, with the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology, research in horticulture has entered the new ‘omics’ era. A large number of datasets for horticultural plants obtained through multi-omics including genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics, are now available, which provides many clues for understanding the molecular basis of agronomically important traits. To date, high-quality draft genome sequences have been accomplished for more than 30 horticultural plant species. Based on these reference genomes, resequencing data and newly developed molecular markers, numerous key candidate loci/genes controlling major agronomical traits of perennial horticultural plants have been identified through BSA and GWAS analysis of genetic populations, using these strategies that have been successfully and widely applied to field crops and model plants. One prime example is the genetic locus responsible for citrus polyembryony, which was recently narrowed to an 80-kb region containing 11 candidate genes by comparative genomic analysis of natural citrus populations, identifying CitRWPas the key candidate gene controlling polyembryony. This approach was also applied to QTL mapping and candidate gene mining for fruit quality (including sugar, acid, TSS and carotenoid), fruit shape, fruit size, fruit weight traits in perennial horticultural plants, such as apple, citrus, grape, peach and pear. Also, recent research on the exploitation and utilization of short-juvenile germplasm, like mini-citrus as a model plant, has facilitated functional genomics of fruit crops. A number of functional genes and their molecular mechanisms were successively identified, thereby accelerating the breeding and genetic improvement of main cultivars.
Considering the rapid progress of horticulture research and its indispensable contribution to human health, Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering (FASE) is launching a special issue “Horticulture Research for Green and Sustainable Development”. We invited experts with rich experience in studies of fruit crops, vegetables, ornamentals and tea plants to share their new research achievements and perspectives. A total of 11 articles are included in this special issue. Its research findings cover QTL mapping and key gene mining for maesil weeping traits (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2020379) and tea flavonoid metabolism (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021382), functional identification of apple anthocyanin biosynthetic regulator MdMYB1 in controlling ascorbic acid accumulation (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2020367), trifoliate orange PtLEA7 protein (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2020368) and apple SUMO E3 Ligase MdSIZ1 (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021388) in modulating drought tolerance, tomato D1 protein turnover in photoprotection under sub-high temperature and high light conditions (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021383), and tomato FNC gene in determining the fruit netted-cracking phenotype (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2020374). Electrical signals have been reported to be widely generated in response to various environmental changes and are recognized as vital for plant defense, Hu et al. investigated the characteristics of herbivory/wound-elicited electrical signal transduction in tomato, found GLR3.3 and GLR3.5 function as key regulators in leaflet-to-leaflet electrical signal transduction and JA accumulation (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021395). Ploidy manipulation via diploid by tetraploid interploidy crosses is widely used for breeding triploid seedless cultivars. Xia et al. (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021385) produced 182 triploid and 36 tetraploid plants between the diploid Orah mandarin and three allotetraploid somatic hybrids, and further revealed the mechanism of tetraploid hybrids formation by the fertilization of 2n megagametophytes via second division restitution. Two reviews are also included in this special issue. Ji et al. reviewed the recent advances in the regulation of climacteric fruit ripening in terms of phytohormones, transcription factors and epigenetic modifications (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021386). Makkumrai et al. compared the planting locations, climates, cultivation systems, orchard managements, fruit characteristics, and main metabolites between Chinese and Thailand pummelos, highlighted the potential resources for pummelo breeding and genetic improvement (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021391).
As the guest editors, we thank all the authors and reviewers for their great contributions to this special issue on “Horticulture Research for Green and Sustainable Development”, and the FASE editorial team for their great support. We hope the research findings in this issue represent the main concerns of horticulture researchers and producers, and will be beneficial to quality promotion and cultivar improvement of horticultural crops and ensure a green and sustainable development of horticultural industry.
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Sustainable public-private partnerships: Balancing the multi-actor ecosystem and societal requirements
Pekka Leviäkangas, Yanbing YE, Oluwole Alfred OLATUNJI
期刊论文
Concept and requirements of sustainable development in bridge engineering
Yaojun GE, Haifan XIANG
期刊论文
Towards the sustainable intensification of agriculture—a systems approach to policy formulation
Leslie G. FIRBANK
期刊论文
SUSTAINABLE NITROGEN MANAGEMENT INDEX: DEFINITION, GLOBAL ASSESSMENT AND POTENTIAL IMPROVEMENTS
期刊论文
SHIFTING TO A RECOMMENDED DIETARY PATTERN COULD PROMOTE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND
期刊论文
Big Data to support sustainable urban energy planning: The EvoEnergy project
Moulay Larbi CHALAL, Benachir MEDJDOUB, Nacer BEZAI, Raid SHRAHILY
期刊论文
A perspective of “Nuclear Hot Spring” for long-term sustainable economy of the world
Yingzhong LU
期刊论文
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